{"id":4710,"date":"2025-04-05T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-05T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/?p=4710"},"modified":"2025-04-05T08:22:22","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T13:22:22","slug":"the-personhood-of-the-child-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-jen-spencers-students-as-persons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/04\/05\/the-personhood-of-the-child-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-jen-spencers-students-as-persons\/","title":{"rendered":"The Personhood of the Child: Book Review of Deani Van Pelt and Jen Spencer&#8217;s Students as Persons"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"\">In this series, I want to review and highlight the Charlotte Mason Centenary Series of monographs released in 2023. The 18 books in this series are brief and readable volumes that encapsulate a diverse range of topics related to the life, writings and philosophy of Charlotte Mason. My intention is to select a few of the volumes to spark your interest in Charlotte Mason as she is studied by modern proponents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-medium\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3FQbDHm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"194\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"4711\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/04\/05\/the-personhood-of-the-child-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-jen-spencers-students-as-persons\/image-88\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image.png?fit=971%2C1500&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"971,1500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image.png?fit=194%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image.png?fit=663%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image.png?resize=194%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4711\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image.png?resize=194%2C300&amp;ssl=1 194w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image.png?resize=663%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 663w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image.png?resize=768%2C1186&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image.png?w=971&amp;ssl=1 971w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 194px) 100vw, 194px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">As I wrap up this series of reviews, we turn to <em><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4le7M7e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Students as Persons: Charlotte Mason on Personalism and Relational Liberal Education<\/a><\/em> by Deani Van Pelt and Jen Spencer. One of the key tenets of Mason\u2019s pedagogy is the statement that \u201cchildren are persons.\u201d This book delves deeply into this foundational philosophical concept by looking at personalist theory and differentiating personhood from individualism. This is an important book that covers a lot of ground in just over 60 pages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/02\/22\/the-great-recognition-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-camille-maluccis-charlotte-masons-great-recognition\/\">Deani Van Pelt<\/a> has been a leading voice in Charlotte Mason education, championing school choice in Canada and adding to our knowledge of Charlotte Mason through her research. The is the current board chair for the Charlotte Mason Institute and is Scholar-in-Residence in Charlotte Mason Studies, University of Cumbria, England. Van Pelt is not only the series editor of the 18 monographs in the Centenary Series, this book is one of two volumes she has had a hand in writing in the series. Co-author Jen Spencer has likewise been a leader within the Charlotte Mason movement, having led study groups and founding a school. Her work includes the digitization of Mason archives at the Armitt Museum in Ambleside, England as well as serving as the program director for the Alveary, a curriculum created by the Charlotte Mason Institute. Spencer was recently appointed as a Visiting Research Fellow in Charlotte Mason Studies at the University of Cumbria, Ambleside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-embed-aspect-21-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio wp-block-embed alignwide is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-block-embed-spotify\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Spotify Embed: An Interview with Deani Van Pelt\" style=\"border-radius: 12px\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/3JqG1QdJIDmr77egEpwKt1?si=0ea93ef931d0475b&#038;utm_source=oembed\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Situating Personhood<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"201\" height=\"251\" data-attachment-id=\"4714\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/04\/05\/the-personhood-of-the-child-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-jen-spencers-students-as-persons\/image-90\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-2.png?fit=201%2C251&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"201,251\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-2.png?fit=201%2C251&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-2.png?fit=201%2C251&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-2.png?resize=201%2C251&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4714\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">It can be difficult to differentiate Mason\u2019s concept of personhood when there are many theories about childhood and learning that surround the work of Mason. A number of key figures and concepts are therefore helpfully presented at the outset of <em>Students as Persons<\/em> to establish what exactly personhood is and is not. Blank-slate theory as set forth by John Locke views the child as an empty vessel to be filled. Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed in the inherent goodness of the child, meaning that the child should be left untampered. Frederick Froebel viewed the child like a plant to be tended in a Kindergarten. John Dewey viewed education as a socializing process making them fit for democratic society. Maria Montessori considered that children are individuals \u201cwho should be left alone to explore specially created apparatus so that their creativity could flourish\u201d (14). Beyond these individual theorists, the industrialists of North America viewed children as a work force and learning as training for a role in the industrial system. In Mason\u2019s own Victorian context, children were viewed as \u201cpersonal property, better seen than heard\u201d (14).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Through this broad set of ideas, Mason\u2019s statement \u201cchildren are persons\u201d takes a very different direction. Originally delivered through a series of evening \u201cLectures to Ladies\u201d in Bradford, England, the ideas Mason set forth were a philosophical alternative to a host of insufficient views of the child. Even more today, this idea has found resonance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">\u201cWhen education increasingly places emphasis on credentials to be attained and employment to be secured, thoughtful, searching parents, teachers and educational leaders are finding resonance with educational ideas that focus on the child\u2019s whole wellbeing\u201d (Students as Persons 14-15).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">The wellbeing of the child is a grand vision that sets forth an educational enterprise that raises up the child \u201cnot only for a useful life but also for learning how to live this life in all its fullness\u201d (15).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Contours of Personhood<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Van Pelt and Spencer ground Mason\u2019s concept of personhood in her career working with children. She set forth her thoughts in the Bradford lectures \u201chaving had nearly a quarter-century to observe children and work out her thoughts about teaching and learning\u201d (16). It is interesting to note that Mason\u2019s career as a teacher and then as an educational philosopher occurred between that of Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) and <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/05\/01\/exploring-educational-alternatives-a-comparison-of-charlotte-mason-and-maria-montessori\/\">Maria Montessori<\/a> (1870-1952). In the philosophies of both these figures, children were viewed as requiring special treatment through the use of carefully developed learning tools and environments. However, for Mason, she took the view that \u201cchildren are not that different from adults and do not need for everything to be specially organized for them\u201d (17). This conception of the child garners an amount of respect toward the child that finds what the authors describe as a \u201cmiddle way between \u2018despising\u2019 children and worshipping them\u201d (18). In other words, our view of children can tend towards an inaccurate view of the child when we do not grant them the respect of personhood due to them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-medium\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3R34qGo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"188\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"4712\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/04\/05\/the-personhood-of-the-child-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-jen-spencers-students-as-persons\/image-89\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-1.png?fit=850%2C1360&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"850,1360\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-1.png?fit=188%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-1.png?fit=640%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-1.png?resize=188%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4712\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-1.png?resize=188%2C300&amp;ssl=1 188w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-1.png?resize=640%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-1.png?resize=768%2C1229&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-1.png?w=850&amp;ssl=1 850w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">The British industrial revolution brought children into the workplace, which meant that society was well prepared to afford them the responsibilities of adulthood but had not really granted them their rights as children. Mason\u2019s concept of personhood was connected to the rights of children in her third book <em><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3R34qGo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">School Education<\/a><\/em>. These rights called for children to enjoy the freedoms of childhood, including the rights \u201cto play freely, to work by their own initiative, to choose their own friends, to decide how they would spend their own money, and to form their own opinions\u201d (18). Issuing these rights within the Victorian milieu was something of a crusade for Mason and the PNEU. However, unlike the child-centric models of education proposed by figures such as Rousseau and Montessori, Mason proposed that there is a burden of responsibility upon parents and teachers to \u201cinstruct the child\u2019s conscience and help him to train his will and consider ideas carefully, so that he may grow to live with intention and continually work towards becoming the best version of himself as <em>he<\/em> conceived is\u201d (19-20).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Considered in this way, the personhood of the child assumes that the child has their own will that must be given strength to choose what is good and right. There is a sense that the child will be self-directed and ought to have a diet of living ideas with which to populate a vision of what it means to live a good life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Personhood Today<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">The study of personhood today interacts with insights gained from sociology, philosophy and theology. Van Pelt and Spencer bring to bear a number of recent authors to spell out how personhood has developed in our contemporary setting in ways that are consistent with Mason\u2019s original expression of personhood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">They begin by drawing up on the work of Christian Smith, a sociologist at the University of Notre Dame, in his 2010 publication <em>What is a Person?<\/em> Amongst several points worth consideration, Smith concurs that personhood is on full display from the start of life:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">\u201cPersons do not emerge out of capacities and bodies at some chronologically delayed time, only after some crucial development has taken place. Persons exist at the start of life and are their own agents of development and emergent being across their entire life course&#8221; (Smith 457, quoted in Van Pelt and Spencer 29).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">This agency on the part of the child is something worthy of respect, even though we as grown ups have a burden of responsibility to nourish and train the young person. Personhood also entails a sense of purpose \u201cto develop and sustain our own incommunicable selves <em>in loving relationships with other personal selves and with the nonpersonal world<\/em>\u201d (Smith 85, emphasis added by Van Pelt and Spencer 30). This is consistent with Mason\u2019s concept of the science of relationship whereby the child develops three kinds of knowledge\u2014knowledge of God, knowledge of man, and knowledge of the universe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Based on this understanding of personhood, in distinction from individualism, our authors explain the implications of what this means pedagogically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">\u201cIndeed, it is not to liberal individualism that Mason turns for her anthropology but to relational personhood. Had she rooted her anthropology in the child as <em>individual<\/em> rather than the child as <em>person<\/em>, child-centeredness could become a concept leading to license rather than to liberty of the child. It would also have brushed over the relational nature embedded in personhood and it sets one up at best as autonomous and at worst as isolated, free-floating, untethered, and alone\u201d (32).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Thus, the child is a responsible agent learning how to relate as a person with other persons, instead of somehow trying to get off the grid, so to speak, of dependence on other individuals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Personhood, then, is distinct from individualism, but it is also distinct from collectivism. For this distinction, our authors turn to the philosopher Juan Manuel Burgos, professor at the University of San Pablo in Madrid, in his 2018 publication <em>An Introduction to Personalism<\/em>. The person, according to Burgos, is a \u201csubsistent and autonomous but essentially social being\u201d (Burgos 32, quoted in Van Pelt and Spencer 34). Burgos goes on to differentiate personalism from that of collectivism and individualism:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">\u201cIt was distinguished and separated from the egocentric individual by stressing the moral obligation to serve others and the community, but it did not fall into the collectivist orbit because, due to his intrinsic dignity, the person possesses an absolute and noninterchangeable value and a series of inalienable rights\u201d (Burgos 32).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">In this understanding of personalism, each person is able to experience true freedom while also maintaining a sense of connection to others that is morally responsible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Grounding these sociological and philosophical insights is the theological concept of the divine image. Van Pelt and Spencer bring alongside the aforementioned Smith the bioethicist John Kilner, founding director of the Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, in his 2015 publication <em>Dignity and Destiny<\/em>. Human dignity stems from God\u2019s creation of humanity in his own image (Genesis 1:26-27). For Kilner, the imago dei, or being created in the image of God \u201chas played a significant role historically in freeing people from the ravages of need and oppression\u201d (Kilner 7, quoted in Van Pelt and Spencer 36). This is the central claim of the theist ground for human dignity. Kilner also notes how oppression and exploitation stem from what he \u201cwould call a non-biblical understanding of God\u2019s image\u201d (Van Pelt and Spencer 37).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">There is a sacredness to human personhood based on the special relationship all humans have with their Creator. Instead of the autonomous individual or collective humanity, personhood implies the value and dignity of every human being while also promoting the ability people have to relate to their Creator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-related-posts alignwide has-base-2-background-color has-background\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-2-background-color has-background\">Related Posts<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Personhood and Self-education<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Mason\u2019s view of the personhood of the child is foundational to a constructivist approach to learning, according to Van Pelt and Spencer. To put it simply, constructivist theory posits that the learner actively builds knowledge through their own experience of and interaction with information. John Mays in his 2022 article \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/classicalacademicpress.com\/blogs\/novare-science\/thoughts-on-teaching-constructivism-essentialism-and-mastery?srsltid=AfmBOorEnR5ibci0CW_0F7D3X-_Pix8ZR4ukqkUbbfPsaKvI-lY5fEmz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thoughts on Teaching<\/a>\u201d pits constructivism against essentialism, which helpfully provides categories for us to consider. In essentialism, there is a body of core knowledge and skills delivered to the learner by the teacher. Mays, while spelling out the differences, finds that these philosophies of learning are a false dichotomy. One of the benefits of Van Pelt and Spencer\u2019s book is a fuller understanding of this central debate in education. As <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/classical-education\/\">classical education<\/a> untethers itself from conventional education to promote a love of learning, there is a need to engage the learner in ways that Mason directly connects to the dignity and agency of the learner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" data-attachment-id=\"4713\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/04\/05\/the-personhood-of-the-child-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-jen-spencers-students-as-persons\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504-scaled.jpg?fit=2560%2C1920&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2560,1920\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504-scaled.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504-scaled.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504.jpg?resize=300%2C225&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4713\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504-scaled.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pexels-tima-miroshnichenko-5303504-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">The constructivist ideal is best expressed by Mason in her final volume, <em>Towards a Philosophy of Education<\/em>, where she wrote, \u201cThe children, not the teachers, are the responsible persons; they do the work by self-effort\u201d (241). So even someone committed to a teacher-centric approach should recognize that the dissemination of information only goes out into the blank void unless a responsible and motivated learner is there to capture what is sent. Van Pelt and Spencer compare Mason\u2019s constructivism to that of other models. In particular, they review the cognitive constructivism of Jean Piaget, the social constructivism of Lev Vygotsky, and the radical constructivism of Ernst von Glasersfield. We can see, therefore, that the categories are fairly nuanced. Our authors critically examine these three models and conclude that Mason\u2019s \u201caligns most comfortably among the social constructivists\u201d (46). In this social constructivist model, children learn \u201cby interacting with others, with our culture, and with our society\u201d (45). Again, the personhood of the child in this sense is responsibly related to others, not as an autonomous individual nor as an indiscriminate part of a collective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">An important point made by Van Pelt and Spencer is that knowledge is made personal by each learner. When the personhood of the child is honored as something sacred, then the very form of our assessment must account for the personal. For instance, when listening to or reading through students narrations, we are looking not simply for an accurate record of what the author has said. We are also accounting for the ways in which the child has personally assimilated this knowledge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">\u201cFactual accuracy was not the sole important thing about assessment to Mason. It was equally important to her that each child had engaged with people, places, and ideas as best they could and according to their personhood. In this way, each student\u2019s response contained originality\u201d (49).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Not the both-and within this statement. It is important for students to have an accurate understanding of the information that they have assimilated. But for those of us who deem it important for this education to be formative, we must also take into account how knowledge has shaped character, moral reasoning, spiritual insight, and human understanding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">In all, I found this book to be a fine representation of research into <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/charlotte-mason\/charlotte-masons-practice-of-narration\/\">Charlotte Mason<\/a>. It furthers our understanding of her philosophy by bringing to bear good exemplars of modern thinkers so that we can gain insight into how her methods have relevance and utility today. I could see many benefitting from the thoughtful and engaging prose in this volume, even though some of the ideas are challenging to grapple with. Thankfully, Van Pelt and Spencer have done most of the heavy lifting, so that we as readers can wrap our mind around so many of the key elements of Mason\u2019s philosophy surrounding the personhood of children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/contact-us\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" data-attachment-id=\"4257\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/academic-consulting\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Academic-Consulting.png?fit=1447%2C723&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1447,723\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Academic-Consulting\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Academic-Consulting.png?fit=300%2C150&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Academic-Consulting.png?fit=1024%2C512&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Academic-Consulting.png?resize=1024%2C512&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Academic-Consulting.png?resize=1024%2C512&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Academic-Consulting.png?resize=300%2C150&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Academic-Consulting.png?resize=768%2C384&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Academic-Consulting.png?w=1447&amp;ssl=1 1447w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this series, I want to review and highlight the Charlotte Mason Centenary Series of monographs released in 2023. The 18 books in this series are brief and readable volumes that encapsulate a diverse range of topics related to the life, writings and philosophy of Charlotte Mason. My intention is to select a few of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4515,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[22],"tags":[11,110,826,811,429,825,439,448,310],"class_list":["post-4710","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reviews","tag-charlotte-mason","tag-children-as-persons","tag-constructivism","tag-deani-van-pelt","tag-jean-piaget","tag-jen-spencer","tag-lev-vygotsky","tag-maria-montessori","tag-science-of-relations"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Personhood of the Child: Book Review of Deani Van Pelt and Jen Spencer&#039;s Students as Persons &#8226;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/04\/05\/the-personhood-of-the-child-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-jen-spencers-students-as-persons\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Personhood of the Child: Book Review of Deani Van Pelt and Jen Spencer&#039;s Students as Persons &#8226;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this series, I want to review and highlight the Charlotte Mason Centenary Series of monographs released in 2023. 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The 18 books in this series are brief and readable volumes that encapsulate a diverse range of topics related to the life, writings and philosophy of Charlotte Mason. My intention is to select a few of&hellip;","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pa7K1D-1dY","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":4540,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/02\/22\/the-great-recognition-book-review-of-deani-van-pelt-and-camille-maluccis-charlotte-masons-great-recognition\/","url_meta":{"origin":4710,"position":0},"title":"The Great Recognition: Book Review of Deani Van Pelt and Camille Malucci&#8217;s Charlotte Mason&#8217;s Great Recognition","author":"Patrick Egan","date":"February 22, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"In this series, I want to review and highlight the Charlotte Mason Centenary Series of monographs released in 2023. The 18 books in this series are brief and readable volumes that encapsulate a diverse range of topics related to the life, writings and philosophy of Charlotte Mason. My intention is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Reviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Reviews","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/reviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/image-1.png?fit=399%2C441&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4513,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2025\/02\/01\/a-coherent-and-holistic-education-book-review-of-elaine-coopers-the-powerful-and-neglected-voice-of-charlotte-mason\/","url_meta":{"origin":4710,"position":1},"title":"A Coherent and Holistic Education: Book Review of Elaine Cooper&#8217;s The Powerful and Neglected Voice of Charlotte Mason","author":"Patrick Egan","date":"February 1, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"In this series, I want to review and highlight the Charlotte Mason Centenary Series of monographs released in 2023. The 18 books in this series are brief and readable volumes that encapsulate a diverse range of topics related to the life, writings and philosophy of Charlotte Mason. My intention is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Reviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Reviews","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/reviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/image-1.png?fit=399%2C441&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":3247,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2022\/08\/27\/education-is-an-atmosphere-foundations-for-a-christian-paideia\/","url_meta":{"origin":4710,"position":2},"title":"&#8220;Education is an Atmosphere&#8221;: Foundations for a Christian &#8220;Paideia&#8221;","author":"Kolby Atchison","date":"August 27, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"'Education is an atmosphere, a discipline, a life'\u2013\u2013is perhaps the most complete and adequate definition of education we possess. It is a great thing to have said it; and our wiser posterity may see in that 'profound and exquisite remark' the fruition of a lifetime of critical effort.Charlotte Mason, Parents\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Charlotte Mason&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Charlotte Mason","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/charlotte-mason\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Student-Atmsophere.jpeg?fit=480%2C320&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":864,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2020\/01\/25\/charlotte-mason-and-the-power-of-ideas\/","url_meta":{"origin":4710,"position":3},"title":"Charlotte Mason and the Power of Ideas","author":"Kolby Atchison","date":"January 25, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"As Charlotte Mason observed, there is nothing quite like the experience of being struck by an idea. The experience is equivalent to being the recipient of some unexpected treasure. Ideas loosen our grip on holding a thin view of the world. They open our minds, especially through narration, to connections\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Charlotte Mason&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Charlotte Mason","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/charlotte-mason\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Mind.jpg?fit=724%2C483&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Mind.jpg?fit=724%2C483&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Mind.jpg?fit=724%2C483&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Mind.jpg?fit=724%2C483&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1816,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/01\/23\/history-narration-charlotte-mason\/","url_meta":{"origin":4710,"position":4},"title":"Why the History of Narration Matters, Part 4: Charlotte Mason&#8217;s Practice of Narration in Historical Perspective","author":"Jason Barney","date":"January 23, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"In this series I have contended that the history of narration should bring Charlotte Mason educators and classical Christian educators together. That is because narration\u2019s use as a pedagogical practice in the classical tradition illustrates vividly the connection between the two. When we know this history and turn to Charlotte\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;History of Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"History of Education","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/history-of-education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16813474792_c751c5480b_z.jpg?fit=640%2C424&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16813474792_c751c5480b_z.jpg?fit=640%2C424&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16813474792_c751c5480b_z.jpg?fit=640%2C424&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3822,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2023\/06\/10\/charlotte-mason-the-educational-philosopher\/","url_meta":{"origin":4710,"position":5},"title":"Charlotte Mason, the Educational Philosopher","author":"Jason Barney","date":"June 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"In researching\u00a0Charlotte Mason\u2019s life for my book on her with Classical Academic Press (published 2023:\u00a0Charlotte Mason: A Liberal Education for all!), the latest in the\u00a0Giants in the History of Education series\u00a0(see my recorded\u00a0webinar with Classical Academic Press!) I was struck by Mason\u2019s insistence on the importance of educational philosophy. This\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Charlotte Mason&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Charlotte Mason","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/charlotte-mason\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/charlotte-mason-podcast-pic-young.png?fit=800%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/charlotte-mason-podcast-pic-young.png?fit=800%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/charlotte-mason-podcast-pic-young.png?fit=800%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/charlotte-mason-podcast-pic-young.png?fit=800%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4710","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4710"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4726,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4710\/revisions\/4726"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}