{"id":2318,"date":"2021-10-02T08:41:33","date_gmt":"2021-10-02T13:41:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/?p=2318"},"modified":"2023-05-01T19:31:36","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T00:31:36","slug":"expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-analytical-didactic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/10\/02\/expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-analytical-didactic\/","title":{"rendered":"Expanding Narration&#8217;s History with Comenius: Narration&#8217;s Rebirth, Stage 2 &#8211; The Analytical Didactic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/08\/21\/expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-great-didactic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">my last article<\/a> I expanded my treatment of the <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2020\/10\/03\/why-the-history-of-narration-matters-part-1-charlotte-masons-discovery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">history of narration<\/a> through delving into a passage from John Amos Comenius\u2019 <em>The Great Didactic<\/em>. I began reading <em>The Great Didactic <\/em>last year while writing the history of narration series and determined that there was more to say about <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/01\/02\/why-the-history-of-narration-matters-part-3-narrations-rebirth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the rebirth of narration during the Renaissance and Reformation eras<\/a>. In fact, Comenius says so much that is pertinent to the teaching tool of narration, that it is tempting to attribute to him the invention of it as a core teaching practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Short-History-Narration-Historical-Perspective\/dp\/B09VWRWVG5\/ref=sr_1_2?crid=30SSIY5CUG23H&amp;keywords=a+short+history+of+narration&amp;qid=1648313903&amp;s=books&amp;sprefix=%2Cstripbooks%2C205&amp;sr=1-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2806\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/edren-books\/41tzbxb91l-_sx331_bo1204203200_\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/41TZbxb91L._SX331_BO1204203200_.jpg?fit=333%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"333,499\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"41TZbxb91L._SX331_BO1204203200_\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/41TZbxb91L._SX331_BO1204203200_.jpg?fit=200%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/41TZbxb91L._SX331_BO1204203200_.jpg?fit=333%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/41TZbxb91L._SX331_BO1204203200_.jpg?resize=207%2C310&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2806\" width=\"207\" height=\"310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/41TZbxb91L._SX331_BO1204203200_.jpg?w=333&amp;ssl=1 333w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/41TZbxb91L._SX331_BO1204203200_.jpg?resize=200%2C300&amp;ssl=1 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 207px) 100vw, 207px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>While we know that <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2020\/10\/24\/classical-roots-of-narration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Aelius Theon<\/a> used written narration to train future orators in memory and invention, and that <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2020\/10\/24\/classical-roots-of-narration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Quintilian<\/a> saw it as a core practice connected to the ability to learn, it is not really until Comenius that narration is a central teaching method. <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/01\/02\/why-the-history-of-narration-matters-part-3-narrations-rebirth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Erasmus<\/a> too recommended the narration of a teacher\u2019s lecture, thus shifting the focus to knowledge of content and away from rhetorical style and fluency. But only Comenius made of narration a golden key to unlock the doors of knowledge to the student.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/08\/21\/expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-great-didactic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">my article on <em>The Great Didactic <\/em><\/a>we saw how Comenius envisioned teaching as opening founts of knowledge, and the process of students narrating to one another as part and parcel of the nature of knowledge itself: it must be shared! Developing his analogies from the natural world, Comenius advocated for narration under the analogy of intellectual nourishment through collection, digestion and distribution. The teacher first collects and digests knowledge, and then distributes it to others; then, in an ironic transformation the student becomes the teacher to do the same for his fellows. Thus, Comenius recommends a process of repeated narrations of content given by the teacher (or his book) with corrections by the teacher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Expanding Narration&#039;s History with Comenius: Narration&#039;s Rebirth, Stage 2 - The Analytical Didactic\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vdegHmnd9J4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article we will explore how Comenius developed his thinking about the teaching method of narration or the student becoming the teacher in <em>The Analytical Didactic<\/em>, which is really a section of a longer work (The <em>Methodus<\/em>) that he wrote much later in life. In <em>The Analytical Didactic<\/em>&nbsp;Comenius \u201creinterpreted the principle of nature that he had described in&nbsp;<em>The Great Didactic<\/em>&nbsp;as a principle of logic\u201d (John E. Sadler,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/John-Amos-Comenius\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cJohn Amos Comenius\u201d in Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a>; accessed January, 2021). While his translator found in this a movement away from the fertile and imaginative quality of his first didactic (see the Introduction), my impression was of the bracing winds of truth blowing steadily through Comenius\u2019 treatment of teaching method. Where some of Comenius\u2019 insights seemed strained and overwrought in the analogies from nature in <em>The Great Didactic<\/em>, the crystal clarity of Comenius\u2019 principles and applications in <em>The Analytical Didactic<\/em> leaves little that can be objected to. I encourage you to find a copy and read it yourself; it\u2019s a book that I anticipate coming back to again and again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Narration as Review and Examination<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First of note in Comenius\u2019 recommendations for <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/charlotte-mason\/charlotte-masons-practice-of-narration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">what Charlotte Mason called narration<\/a> is his focus on the importance of reviews and examinations. The whole passage that most concerns practitioners of narration comes at the end of <em>The Analytical Didactic<\/em> in a section on \u201chow to teach rapidly, thoroughly, and agreeably\u201d (171). His comments on review and examination reminded me of my own statements in <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.circeinstitute.org\/store\/books\/classical-guide-narration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A Classical Guide to Narration<\/a><\/em> about how narration serves both as a method of assimilation and of assessment. In other words, when students narrate, they store what they are learning in long term memory, AND teachers learn what students know and don\u2019t know.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.circeinstitute.org\/store\/books\/classical-guide-narration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"550\" data-attachment-id=\"1882\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/02\/13\/breaking-down-the-bad-of-blooms-the-false-objectivity-of-education-as-a-modern-social-science\/narr_store-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/narr_store.jpg?fit=400%2C550&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"400,550\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"narr_store\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/narr_store.jpg?fit=218%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/narr_store.jpg?fit=400%2C550&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/narr_store.jpg?resize=400%2C550&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/narr_store.jpg?w=400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/narr_store.jpg?resize=218%2C300&amp;ssl=1 218w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Comenius begins by claiming that \u201cthe more anything is handled, the more familiar it becomes; consequently, if we would have our students well acquainted with anything and ready to use it, we must familiarize them with it through reviews, examinations, and frequent use\u201d (191). He goes on to say that these \u201creviews and examinations\u201d should occur \u201ceven during the process of learning\u201d. Comenius reinforces the importance of continual review and testing through the analogy of a traveler becoming acquainted with a road through the process of going backward and forward on it, retracing his steps through narration, and then digressing along different alternate routes along the way (191-192).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Narration, Analysis and Practice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For Comenius, then, narration is not to be opposed to analytical discussion, but is complementary to it. He sums up the natural progression of learning, review and examination through three questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\"><li>Has the student learned something? This will be apparent if he can repeat it.<\/li><li>Does he understand it? This will be discovered by a variety of analytical questions.<\/li><li>Does he know how to use it? This will be revealed by prescribed but unrehearsed practice. (191)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Narration is the first step in a process. This view finds expression in the <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/charlotte-mason\/charlotte-masons-practice-of-narration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Narration-Trivium lesson structure <\/a>that I developed based on Charlotte Mason\u2019s narration lesson for young children. By following up narration with dialectic or analytical discussion, teachers can help deepen students\u2019 understanding from a bare recital to fuller comprehension. This functions like the digressions down alternate routes in Comenius\u2019 analogy. Practice then corresponds, to some extent, to the rhetoric phase or response to the rich text.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-attachment-id=\"2320\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/10\/02\/expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-analytical-didactic\/narration-lesson\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Narration-Lesson.png?fit=1292%2C727&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1292,727\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Narration-Lesson\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Narration-Lesson.png?fit=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Narration-Lesson.png?fit=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Narration-Lesson.png?resize=1024%2C576&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Narration-Lesson.png?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Narration-Lesson.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Narration-Lesson.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Narration-Lesson.png?w=1292&amp;ssl=1 1292w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Student as Teacher<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Comenius\u2019 practical application of this principle involves the same ironic transformation of student into teacher that he advocated for in <em>The Great Didactic<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>We can do this by urging him not merely to pay constant heed to the demonstrations and explanations of the teacher but also to reverse the role and to demonstrate and explain the same subject to others; furthermore, he ought to see and hear others besides his teacher give these demonstrations and explanations. I must make my meaning clearer by quoting a set of verses well known in schools:<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Often to ask, to retain what is answered, and teach what remembered,<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; These are three means that will make the disciple surpass his own master.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>The third part of this advice, that about teaching what we have retained, is not sufficiently well known, nor is it commonly put into practice; yet it would be highly profitable if every student were required to teach others what he himself has just learned. Indeed, there is a great deal of truth in the saying, \u2018He who teaches others educates himself,\u2019 or, as Seneca puts it, \u2018Men learn while they teach.\u2019 This is so not merely because teaching strengthens their conceptions through repetition but also because it offers them opportunities of delving further into the subject. (See Sec. 85.) (191-192)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>What Comenius adds to this discussion from his previous treatment is a new articulation of the value of teaching for deep learning. In claiming that the conceptions are strengthened through repetition, we are on the solid ground of what modern learning science calls retrieval practice. But in describing the \u201copportunities of delving further into the subject\u201d we seem to add on to bare retrieval the value of elaboration or making further connections to what one already knows. Acting as the teacher doesn\u2019t just store memories, it improves and develops insight or understanding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"577\" data-attachment-id=\"2321\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/10\/02\/expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-analytical-didactic\/modern-research-on-retrieval-practice\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice.png?fit=1291%2C727&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1291,727\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice.png?fit=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice.png?fit=1024%2C577&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice.png?resize=1024%2C577&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice.png?resize=1024%2C577&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Modern-Research-on-Retrieval-Practice.png?w=1291&amp;ssl=1 1291w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Comenius then expresses this method as \u201ca practical rule\u201d to the effect that \u201cevery pupil should acquire the habit of also acting as a teacher\u201d (193)\u2014an idea that is both stunning in its simplicity and also revolutionary in terms of common teaching practice. Every student? Really? Acting as a teacher to the others? Adopting this practical rule would upend how most classrooms operate in terms of their daily practices. For the teacher who imagines that it can\u2019t be done with any efficiency in time, remember that this passage is from Comenius\u2019 section on rapidity and thoroughness in teaching and learning. He is not unaware of time constraints. His detailed method in the <em>Analytical Didactic<\/em> greatly resembles what he had previously shared in <em>The Great Didactic<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>This will happen if, after the teacher has fully demonstrated and expounded something, the pupil himself is immediately required to give a satisfactory demonstration and exposition of the same thing in the same manner. (If there are several pupils, they should do so one after another, beginning with the more talented.) Furthermore, pupils should be instructed to relate what they learn in school to their parents or servants at home or to anyone else capable of understanding such matters. (193)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Comenius again wants the students who are more likely to have understood correctly to give the first exposition, so as to avoid the wasted time and confusion likely to result from incorrection narrations. He adds the practical expediency of having students share their knowledge at home. Assigning students to narrate stories or explain concepts in detail to their parents is not an impossible homework assignment, but one that might further several purposes of the school, especially if a school has a strong vision for parental involvement and support like many classical Christian schools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rationale for Narration<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded is-style-rounded--1\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2322\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/10\/02\/expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-analytical-didactic\/opnamedatum-2010-01-04-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Comenius.jpeg?fit=625%2C720&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"625,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Carola van Wijk&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Opnamedatum: 2010-01-04&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.PO BOX 74888.1070 DN Amsterdam, The Netherlands.+31 206747000.&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Opnamedatum: 2010-01-04&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Opnamedatum: 2010-01-04\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Opnamedatum: 2010-01-04&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Comenius.jpeg?fit=260%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Comenius.jpeg?fit=625%2C720&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Comenius.jpeg?resize=465%2C535&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2322\" width=\"465\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Comenius.jpeg?w=625&amp;ssl=1 625w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Comenius.jpeg?resize=260%2C300&amp;ssl=1 260w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Comenius\u2019 reasons for this narration practice with repeated tellings of a teacher\u2019s demonstration or explanation are more succinct than in <em>The Great Didactic<\/em> but express the same basic thoughts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>In the first place, pupils will be more attentive to every part of the teacher\u2019s exposition if they know that presently they will have to repeat the same matter and if each one fears that perhaps he will be the first to be asked to do so. (See Sec. 86 above.)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Second, by restating exactly what he has been taught, everyone will imprint it more deeply in his understanding and memory.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Third, if it appears that something was not understood quite correctly, this practice will offer an immediate opportunity for correction (on the great value of this see Axiom XCVII).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Fourth, it will enable teachers and pupils to make certain that they have grasped what they were supposed to grasp, for the mark of knowledge is the ability to teach.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Fifth, such frequent repetition of the same material will bring it about that even the slowest pupils may finally grasp the subject. Thereby (sixth) everyone will make swifter and sounder progress in every respect.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>And thus (seventh) every pupil will become a teacher, in some degree or other; consequently, the opportunities for multiplying knowledge will be mightily increased. (193-194)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Then it will be clear how apt is the playful remark of Fortius: \u2018I learned much from my teachers, more from my fellow-students, but most from my pupils.\u2019 Or, as someone else has said, \u2018The more often we impart learning, the more learned we become.\u2019 Therein lies our enduring pleasure.<a href=\"#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> (194)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Comenius expresses many of the same reasons for narration that have been endorsed by more recent proponents, like <a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/charlotte-mason\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Charlotte Mason<\/a>. Using narration as a regular practice habituates students to pay attention, because they know that they will be held accountable. It also \u201cimprints\u201d the content \u201cmore deeply\u201d on the understanding or memory, thus functioning as assimilation. And then retrieval practice with immediate feedback or correction provides the most effective way to ensure true learning. While this may seem to disagree with some of Charlotte Mason\u2019s statements, her concerns about over-correcting young children or those new to narration have probably been misunderstood. The \u201cbracing atmosphere of sincerity and truth\u201d that she advocated for seems in full agreement with Comenius here, even if she emphasized the infrequency of correction needed for students trained on narration over years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Joy-Learning-Finding-Classical-Education\/dp\/B089CWR8W3\/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&amp;keywords=The+Joy+of+Learning%3A+Finding+Flow+Through+Classical+Education&amp;qid=1591212844&amp;sr=8-1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2324\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/10\/02\/expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-analytical-didactic\/the-joy-of-learning\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/The-Joy-of-Learning.jpg?fit=333%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"333,499\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"The-Joy-of-Learning\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/The-Joy-of-Learning.jpg?fit=200%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/The-Joy-of-Learning.jpg?fit=333%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/The-Joy-of-Learning.jpg?ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2324\"   srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/The-Joy-of-Learning.jpg?w=333&amp;ssl=1 333w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/The-Joy-of-Learning.jpg?resize=200%2C300&amp;ssl=1 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, Comenius\u2019 universal vision for the increase of Christian learning spills into his pedagogical considerations, as he imagines an army of irenic students-become-teachers advancing the cause of knowledge into every sphere of life and fighting back against the ignorance and darkness of a fallen world. And this is not just a duty or a burden to be borne, it is in our learning that we experience \u201cour enduring pleasure,\u201d Comenius says with a wink as he ends his treatise. I cannot help but hear resonances with the flow experience and the joy of learning that I have explored at length in my book <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Joy-Learning-Finding-Classical-Education\/dp\/B089CWR8W3\/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&amp;keywords=The+Joy+of+Learning%3A+Finding+Flow+Through+Classical+Education&amp;qid=1591212844&amp;sr=8-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Joy of Learning<\/a><\/em>. For Comenius this method of learning through teaching is not just logical, reasonable, thoughtful and humane, it advances the cause of knowledge itself and brings delight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> Comenius writes this sentence in German: \u201cUnd so bleibet man immer bey der lust.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhy the History of Narration Matters\u201d series:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2020\/10\/03\/why-the-history-of-narration-matters-part-1-charlotte-masons-discovery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Part 1: Charlotte Mason\u2019s Discovery?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2020\/10\/24\/classical-roots-of-narration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Part 2: Classical Roots<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/01\/02\/why-the-history-of-narration-matters-part-3-narrations-rebirth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Part 3: Narration\u2019s Rebirth<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/01\/23\/history-narration-charlotte-mason\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Part 4: Charlotte Mason\u2019s Practice of Narration in Historical Perspective<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/08\/21\/expanding-narrations-history-with-comenius-narrations-rebirth-stage-2-the-great-didactic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Expanding Narration&#8217;s History with Comenius: Narration&#8217;s Rebirth, Stage 2 &#8211; The Great Didactic<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/downloads\/narration-2-0-webinar-recording\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" data-attachment-id=\"2783\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/webinars\/copy-of-narration-2-0-ad\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?fit=1080%2C1080&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1080,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?fit=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?fit=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?resize=1024%2C1024&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2783\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?resize=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Copy-of-Narration-2.0-Ad.png?w=1080&amp;ssl=1 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In my last article I expanded my treatment of the history of narration through delving into a passage from John Amos Comenius\u2019 The Great Didactic. I began reading The Great Didactic last year while writing the history of narration series and determined that there was more to say about the rebirth of narration during the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2319,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[38],"tags":[70,11,103,397,114,101,117,500,383],"class_list":["post-2318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-of-education","tag-attention","tag-charlotte-mason","tag-flow","tag-john-amos-comenius","tag-memory","tag-narration","tag-retrieval-practice","tag-students","tag-teaching-methods"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Expanding Narration&#039;s History with Comenius: Narration&#039;s Rebirth, Stage 2 - The Analytical Didactic &#8226;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article expands narration&#039;s history through Comenius&#039; 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I suggested that narration\u2019s history may be a fact that puts to rest the false dichotomies of either side. While Charlotte Mason did claim discovery\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;History of Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"History of Education","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/history-of-education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Renaissance","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/renaissance.jpg?fit=1200%2C533&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/renaissance.jpg?fit=1200%2C533&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/renaissance.jpg?fit=1200%2C533&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/renaissance.jpg?fit=1200%2C533&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/renaissance.jpg?fit=1200%2C533&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2435,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/12\/04\/expanding-narrations-history-in-the-late-middle-ages-bernard-of-chartres-from-john-of-salisburys-metalogicon\/","url_meta":{"origin":2318,"position":2},"title":"Expanding Narration&#8217;s History in the late Middle Ages: Bernard of Chartres from John of Salisbury&#8217;s Metalogicon","author":"Jason Barney","date":"December 4, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"This is the third blog article expanding the short history of narration I laid out a year ago. In the last two I expanded my treatment of John Amos Comenius to engage in detail with the passages from The Great Didactic and the Analytical Didactic that recommend activities that Charlotte\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;History of Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"History of Education","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/history-of-education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Chartres_-_Cathedrale_2012.01_08-e1638620744242.jpg?fit=799%2C533&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Chartres_-_Cathedrale_2012.01_08-e1638620744242.jpg?fit=799%2C533&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Chartres_-_Cathedrale_2012.01_08-e1638620744242.jpg?fit=799%2C533&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Chartres_-_Cathedrale_2012.01_08-e1638620744242.jpg?fit=799%2C533&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1816,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2021\/01\/23\/history-narration-charlotte-mason\/","url_meta":{"origin":2318,"position":3},"title":"Why the History of Narration Matters, Part 4: Charlotte Mason&#8217;s Practice of Narration in Historical Perspective","author":"Jason Barney","date":"January 23, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"In this series I have contended that the history of narration should bring Charlotte Mason educators and classical Christian educators together. That is because narration\u2019s use as a pedagogical practice in the classical tradition illustrates vividly the connection between the two. When we know this history and turn to Charlotte\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;History of Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"History of Education","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/history-of-education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16813474792_c751c5480b_z.jpg?fit=640%2C424&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16813474792_c751c5480b_z.jpg?fit=640%2C424&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16813474792_c751c5480b_z.jpg?fit=640%2C424&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1645,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2020\/10\/24\/classical-roots-of-narration\/","url_meta":{"origin":2318,"position":4},"title":"Why the History of Narration Matters, Part 2: Classical Roots","author":"Jason Barney","date":"October 24, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"In my last article I shared the first piece of why the history of narration matters: it has the potential to break down the barrier between the Charlotte Mason community and classical educators. There are some notable exceptions who have tried to cross the aisle, but for the most part\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;History of Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"History of Education","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/history-of-education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Quintilian","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Quintilian.jpg?fit=528%2C536&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Quintilian.jpg?fit=528%2C536&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Quintilian.jpg?fit=528%2C536&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1591,"url":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/2020\/10\/03\/why-the-history-of-narration-matters-part-1-charlotte-masons-discovery\/","url_meta":{"origin":2318,"position":5},"title":"Why The History of Narration Matters, Part 1: Charlotte Mason&#8217;s Discovery?","author":"Jason Barney","date":"October 3, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"I\u2019ve decided to put the series on Bloom's Taxonomy vs. Aristotle\u2019s Intellectual Virtues on hold for a couple months after contracting with Classical Academic Press to film two courses in December for ClassicalU: one on narration and another on Charlotte Mason\u2019s philosophy for classical educators. So I\u2019m returning to the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;History of Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"History of Education","link":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/category\/history-of-education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"an old and traditional school room","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Canva-Brown-Wooden-Desks-With-Benches.jpg?fit=1200%2C795&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Canva-Brown-Wooden-Desks-With-Benches.jpg?fit=1200%2C795&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Canva-Brown-Wooden-Desks-With-Benches.jpg?fit=1200%2C795&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Canva-Brown-Wooden-Desks-With-Benches.jpg?fit=1200%2C795&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Canva-Brown-Wooden-Desks-With-Benches.jpg?fit=1200%2C795&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2318","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2318"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2318\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2831,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2318\/revisions\/2831"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2318"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2318"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/educationalrenaissance.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2318"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}